Posted by 'I have no authority for this opinion, other than my intuition as an English speaker.' Copyright 2022 - TheContentAuthority.com, Reindeer Vs. Moose: Main Differences, How To Tell Them Apart. Do you capitalize the S in Southern California? - TipsFolder.com Lowercase with names of nations (southern France) unless they indicate a political division (South Korea). Racial and ethnic identity - American Psychological Association However, if youre referring to a specific region, such as the east coast of the United States, keep the words lowercase. It's all directional | Grammar Party Words Which Should Not Be Capitalized in a Title. To Capitalise or Not To Capitalise: A Useful Guide - Proofed I work in marketing, and I'm wondering if lowercasing the words "off" and "under" in these headlines is correct: "50% off Body Wash" and "Gift Sets under $40.". Editorial Style Guide - University Of Nevada, Las Vegas when they indicate compass direction, but capitalize when they indicate a region: the West Coast. Thus people who live in southern California may prefer to write Southern California. 3. AP style is primarily for journalists and writers who want to conform to traditional journalism styles. Is it Southern or Southern? The main thing is to be consistent with whatever you choose. The Department provided an initial list of abbreviations in June 1963, but many had three or four letters, which was still too long. English Capitalization Rules and Example Sentences - ThoughtCo These are not governed entities, but they are official designations. However, there are a few exceptions you should learn about. The rules are fairly standard for title case: Capitalize the first and the last word. southern Atlanta; But capitalize compass points when part of a proper name. APA Style 6th Edition Blog: Do I Capitalize This Word? Do you capitalize Pacific Northwest? In other words, directions can be tricky! Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Why distinguishes money from other assets in the economy. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. When used to refer to direction and location, dont capitalize the names of directions like north, south, east, or west; however, when they appear in the names of places and regions, do capitalize these words. When referring to Greek, Roman, and other groups of gods and goddesses, only the name is capitalized. Hi, Victoria. Everyone on the bus tour enjoyed the southern food in Tennessee. Not capitalizing when referring to a general direction. When And When Not To. capitalization. You should read both Western and Eastern philosophy. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. In other words, directions can be tricky! The key factor here is that were using these words descriptively (i.e., to specify the direction or location of something), not to name something. North Dakota; West Virginia; Also capitalize compass points when used in denoting widely known sections. Characteristics. For example, capitalizing "Southerner" in the sentence "As a Southerner, she had a distinct drawl" can be up for debate. Did the Allman Brothers Band play southern rock or Southern rock? The correct answer is option C. In option A, the word Chemistry is only capitalized leaving the other proper noun in lower case. To capitalize or not quoted text after be form, How to handle a hobby that makes income in US. To make room for the ZIP Code, state names needed to be abbreviated. For example: I live in The North. When it's an adjective ("bicentennial year"), I agree that no cap is needed . The seasons arent proper nouns, so theyre not usually capitalized. It's not a continent, nor is it a country. By convention, however, southern is capitalized when it refers to the region of California: I live in Southern California. The same applies for related adjectives and other compass directions: We live in the eastern part of the country. Many scholars now study the global South. The same rule applies for specific regions when you add -ern onto the end of a direction. 10 Do I capitalize southern as in the US region? But southerner and northerner are capitalized when they refer to people on either side of the civil war in the United States: We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Guidance to capitalize proper nouns in APA Style. Is south capitalized when referring to Southern states? But things become tricky once we get down to the details. In a June 11 statement, the National Association of Black Journalists issued a recommendation "that whenever a color is used to appropriately describe race then it should be capitalized . Is south and Southern capitalized? - TimesMojo Automatically capitalize your email subjects, essay, headline, and article titles. That means you should lowercase articles, Lowercase north, south, northeast, etc. I have published a variety of other capitalization posts related to time periods, geographic features, people, and product names. Short story taking place on a toroidal planet or moon involving flying, Doubling the cube, field extensions and minimal polynoms. Besides the global continents, there are also atmospheric and hydrospheric regions that encompass the oceans, discrete climates, or environments above the water and landmasses of earth. Which sentence is capitalized correctly Carlotta? The AP Stylebook, which is the guiding stylebook for a number of news organizations, including The Daily Tar Heel, advises against using the Oxford comma in most basic series. State names had to be abbreviated to make room for the ZIP code. When they indicate compass direction, lowercase north, south, northeast, and so on, but capitalize when it indicates a region: the West Coast. If you are merely referring to a direction, such as "go north on I-90," then you should keep north lowercase. In terms of "human geography", the regions and their subregions are elucidated by the ethnography discipline. The obvious examples of this are countries, states, cities, and other geographical areas: We study the history of Eastern Europe. It might be amusing to look for instances of "southern Southern California" or "northern Southern California". It does not store any personal data. the East, the North, the South, the West (of a country) northern, southern, eastern, western (parts of a country) Who wrote the music and lyrics for Kinky Boots? Is this correct. In some cases, like country and city names, this is clear. You should only capitalize directions, such as south, when you are referring to it as the proper noun, such as "in the South.". Youd also capitalize the first word and (according to most guides) the last word of a title, regardless of what part of speech they are. The image of a Southern belle is often characterized by fashion elements such as a hoop skirt, a corset, pantalettes, a wide-brimmed straw hat, and gloves. 5 Should states and territories be Capitalised? As Sven Yargs' answer shows, there is a strong descriptivist argument involved. If you think southern California has properties which one ordinarily associates with countries or states, or at least you want to convey that this is so, then you should use the capitalization ordinarily used for names of countries or states. Capitalization Unless the word is part of a formal name, do not capitalize federal, state, department, division, board, program, section, unit, or other similar words. When north, south, east, and west refer to generic directions (i.e., the points of the compass), they are not capitalized: The master bedroom is in the east wing of the mansion. However, if instead you reference a general location, such as "the southern winds," then the word southern should be lowercase. The obvious examples of this are countries, states, cities, and other geographical areas: Subscribe to our newsletter and get writing tips from our editors straight to your inbox. Other assets have a wide range of liquidity. The mines are in the plateaus western region. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". Therefore, use "Black" and "White" instead of "black" and "white" (do not use colors to refer to other human groups; doing so is considered pejorative). But, generally, you only need to capitalize a direction in a place name if the direction is a standard part of the places name. "The State Finance Department," for example, is a good example. - thanks! If you are referring to a group of proper nouns such as the Southern States. However, if instead you reference a general location, such as the southern winds, then the word southern should be lowercase. Capitalize these words when they designate regions. If you are merely referring to a direction, such as "go south on I-90," then you should keep south lowercase. Should colonies be Capitalised? - TimesMojo ANS: Demand, Copyright 2023 TipsFolder.com | Powered by Astra WordPress Theme. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. Topic Q&A List - The Chicago Manual of Style Online Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. If you are referring to a group of proper nouns such as the Southern States. However, if youre referring to a general location, such as the southern winds then southern should be lowercase. For example: But when the terms are used to indicate a region, they are capitalized for example, the "West Coast". Back East. Should global south be capitalized? You should capitalize North, South, East, and West when theyre part of a proper noun (i.e., the name of a unique thing). Names of people People's names are proper nouns, and therefore should be capitalized. 6 Does the word federal need to be capitalized? Southern belle - Wikipedia When words like northern, southern, eastern, and western precede a place name, they are not ordinarily capitalized, because they merely indicate general location within a region. So you would only capitalize federal when you use it in the name of a federal agency, an act, or some other proper noun. In case it's not obvious, I have a bachelor's in writing. However, they should be capitalized only in such contexts; names of compass points in sentences such as "I drove southeast for several hours" or "Have you been to any of the southwestern states?" are not capitalized. Biden administration should avoid subsidies for risky mortgages editing, Please include the research youve done. @EdwinAshworth I didn't notice any argument in his answer at all. Here is part of that discussion: 8.46 Regions of the world and national regions. (Most uses will be uppercase.) A Little Help with Capitals - Purdue Writing Lab These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Dont capitalize the word when it precedes the states name unless its included in a states title. Some common examples of when you should capitalize north include: down North. However, I was recently advised by someone who I consider to be educated to capitalize "southern" in this context. The following examples illustrate not only the principles sketched in [an earlier section of CMOS] but also variations based on context and usage. Do You Capitalize "Real Estate"? However, the Associated Press Stylebook does not recommend capitals in that case. Of course, as with other nouns, they should be capitalized at the beginning of sentences and in titles. Certain regions of California (Bay Area, Southern California, Central Coast, etc.) As noted in the post, there's no need to capitalize generic directions (only when they're part of a proper noun). Use lowercase when referring to directions on a compass. On a cloudless night, I studied Pisces, a constellation in the North sky. Are Directions Capitalized? Easy Ways to Know When Though a direction is a general noun, it could at times be not that straightforward to ascertain whether it's a common noun or a proper noun. Whether it's an "official" name or not and how well the thing is defined have no bearing whatsoever. 5 Free French-to-English Translation Services, Broad geographical regions (e.g., the North or the Far East), People from a specific region (e.g., Northerners, Southerners), Cultures or movements related to a region (e.g., Western philosophy). When the name of a city and state are used together, the name of the state should be abbreviated (except for Alaska, Hawaii, Idaho, Iowa, Maine, Ohio, Texas and Utah). Are coca cola and pepsi owned by the same company? So it would be best to check your style guide if you have one and to make sure whatever you choose is used consistently. If these geographic areas are part of a name, however, such as "River Thames", capitalize the term. In most forms of writings, not capitalizing direction names when they could have been capitalized doesn't bother the readers much. What about capitalizing a Southerner or a Southerner? The mines are located in the western part of the plateau. You should always capitalize Westerner since it refers to a group of people who are proper nouns. When used as part of a short-form political affiliation, states should also be abbreviated. The direction word makes it a proper noun. However, when these words are actually part of the place name, they must be capitalized. Hi there! For example, we capitalizenorth,south,east, andwest when the terms refer to regions or cultures: Customs in the East differ from those in the West. AP Style states that when referring to the names of a nation, directions should . Dates. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Lowercase north, south, northeast, etc. With the passage of time, some words originally derived from proper nouns have taken on a life, and authority, of their own and no longer require capitalization. We lowercase the terms when they refer to directions: The United States is located north of Mexico. When to Capitalize People's Titles - The Blue Book Of Grammar And Usage guide. To summarize the advice above, we suggest: However, capitalization may depend on the style guide youre using. Do you capitalize the word state when referring to a state? Home-buyers pay a 1.75% fee up . Use capital letters in the following ways: The first words of a sentence When he tells a joke, he sometimes forgets the punch line. The word white is not usually capitalized in this situation; men would never be. Some authorities also capitalize titles if they immediately follow the name without the word "the.". When referring to races, should 'black' and 'white' be capitalized? (MLA) The following formal names of specific degrees should always be capitalized in AP style: As you can see, master's degrees are capitalized when abbreviated. Should Southern colonies be capitalized? You wouldnt normally unless north and south are part of a proper noun (e.g., South Africa). Black and white: Why capitalization matters - Columbia Journalism Review And if so, when? Lowercase north, south, northeast, northern, and other lowercase letters are used when indicating compass direction. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, and Sunday are the days of the week. But the AP Stylebook says to always capitalize Southern when referring to the South in the United States, regardless of whether youre discussing the Civil War. Is state capitalized when referring to a specific state? West is directly opposite east. Duck Vs. Loon: How Are These Words Connected? The word god is generally not capitalized if it is used to refer to the generic idea of a deity, nor is it capitalized when it refers to multiple gods. when they indicate compass direction, but capitalize when they indicate a region: the West Coast. Capitalize such words as northern, southern, eastern, and western when they refer to the people in a region or to their political, social, or cultural activities. To know what other words you should capitalize, try our free title capitalization tool. The main style guides all agree on this, although . If you are referring to a group of proper nouns such as the Southern States. However, if youre referring to a general location, such as the southern winds then southern should be lowercase. Regardless of what side of the debate table you are on, the different thoughts clearly illustrate how differing opinions could be on the matter, causing people to use capitalization rules the way they deem appropriate. Bulk update symbol size units from mm to map units in rule-based symbology. In your first paragraph after the caption you make a good comparison between Wild West and Southern California, but I'm still troubled by a couple of issues. Do you capitalize the word state when referring to a state? However, a co-author argues that southern should not be capitalized, because it is an adjective, not a noun. So, should you capitalize regions when writing? Title Case Capitalization (APA 7th) Sentence Case Capitalization (APA 7th) TimesMojo is a social question-and-answer website where you can get all the answers to your questions. When writing or proofreading manuscripts, names of regions and their capitalization rules could be tricky to discern or ascertain. The periods are omitted in headlines. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Is "southern" capitalized in this sentence? - Quora It's the inconsistency or the abrupt switching between capitalized letters and lowercase letters is what that puts readers off. Geographic Regions Used as Adjectives This format is the official USPS postal abbreviation. When to Capitalize Directional Words - Ellii Blog This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The word "southern" is not part of the official name of California or any city or county, so I never capitalize it. Names of regions should be capitalized if those are proper nouns or denote a country, city, continent, etc. rev2023.3.3.43278. Proper nouns include the specific names of people, places, and things. "I" is always capitalized, along with all its . I don't think there's an established norm for identifying regions of Albania in English (although you might get a different answer if you asked an Albanian, I suppose), but looking at Google Ngrams, "southeastern Albania" seems to be the most common option: https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=southeast+Albania%2Csoutheastern+Albania%2Csouth-east+Albania%2Csouth-eastern+Albania&year_start=1800&year_end=2019&corpus=26&smoothing=3&direct_url=t1%3B%2Csoutheast%20Albania%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Csoutheastern%20Albania%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Csouth%20-%20east%20Albania%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Csouth%20-%20eastern%20Albania%3B%2Cc0 In general, you should capitalize the first word, all nouns, all verbs (even short ones, like is), all adjectives, and all proper nouns. In the case of prime minister, either both words begin with a capital letter or neither, except, obviously, when it starts a sentence. Capitalization Rules-A Quick Guide | Grammarly Should California coast be capitalized? - Sage-Advices Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. 2022 - 2023 Times Mojo - All Rights Reserved If a law is new but its interpretation is vague, can the courts directly ask the drafters the intent and official interpretation of their law? 9 Should north southeast and West be capitalized? That means you should lowercase articles, conjunctions, and prepositionshowever, some style guides say to capitalize conjunctions and prepositions that are longer than five letters. NOTE: Within certain regions it is not uncommon for many who live there to capitalize the adjective because of the special importance they attach to the regional designation. Racial and ethnic groups are designated by proper nouns and are capitalized. When to capitalize North East South West? . You don't even want to know what he calls pancakes. CMOS recognizes that common usage and context determine conventional approaches to capitalization in connection with the treatment of certain terms related to regions. At 8.47 ("Popular place names or epithets"), CMOS notes that certain other regions and epithets receive initial caps as well. AP Style says it should be capitalized while the Chicago Style Manual says it should be lowercased. How do I connect these two faces together? To Capitalize or not to Capitalize Independence? The sentence reads "I turned on north Bolton." References to God (s) The word "god" should be capitalized if it is being used as a proper name of a monotheistic god, as in God in Christianity and Judaism. For example: When words such as "northern", "southern", "western", and "eastern" precede a region or place's name, do not capitalize them as they are only indicating a general location in a region. In "the eastern portion of Colorado", however, "eastern" is written in small letters since it doesn't denote people or specific culture or practice. To put it another way, capitalize words like Mother, Father, Grandmother, Grandfather, Son, Daughter, and Sis in place of the persons name. Do I capitalize southern as in the US region? Proper nouns are names of particular individuals, places, or things, such as Josephina, Michigan, Oreo, and United Auto Workers. Most style guides say that compass points and the terms derived from them are lowercased if they just mean direction or location. Is it "southern California" or "Southern California?". Western (and Northern) blots however, were not named after inventors but were given these names in honor of . There's not enough context in your example to offer any solid advice (e.g., the "north" of where? If you are merely referring to a . Do I Capitalize Western Blot? - Advansta Inc. When proofreading or editing documents, we often find that writers are confused about when to capitalize these terms.
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